Knowledge about the conduct of its affairs
CIFFA Section 7 (A)
The Customer shall be deemed to be competent and to have reasonable knowledge of matters affecting the conduct of its business, including terms of purchase and sale, the need for insurance and the extent of coverage available for the type of goods being tendered for shipment, the need for care to avoid transmitting viruses by electronic communications, the need for confidential handling of information relating to high value goods, and all other matters relating thereto.
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Peter Jones' Commentary:
This clause captures the factors that underlie the concept of the sophisticated shipper, an idea that has been adopted by courts in the United States.
Beware! If a forwarder clearly appreciates that its customer (a small exporter or private individual) does not understand the matters listed in this clause that a customer ought to understand, this clause will not be effective.